19th century · Industry Brewing ← Scotch Whisky : named in the story (established) → James Watt : named in the story (established) reintroduced 19th century · Wildlife Capercaillie ← Calum MacLeod : named in the story (established) ← Gaelic Song Traditions : named in the story (established) ← Blaeberry : named in the story (established) ← The Caledonian Forest : named in the story (established) ← The Celtic Connections Sound : named in the story (established) → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) → Speyside : named in the story (established) ← Runrig & Gaelic Rock : named in the story (established) CSI c. 1800–1820 · Industry Carron & Scottish Iron → Charles Gascoigne : works manager; disputed carronade credit (disputed) → Robert Melville : disputed carronade credit (disputed) → James Watt : cast parts for his engines (established) → Carron Company : the company, 1759–1982 (established) → The Carronade : its famous gun (established) → Ravenscraig : named in the story (established) → Linwood : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) 1800 · Institution City of Glasgow Police ← Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : campaigned to free Oscar Slater (established) ← Special Air Service & David Stirling : named in the story (established) 19th century · Traditions Highland Dancing → Malcolm III : the sword-dance legend (traditional) → Highland Games : competed at the Games (established) → Scottish Country Dancing : distinct dance traditions (established) → James IV : named in the story (established) → John Knox : named in the story (established) → Speyside : named in the story (established) → Alexander Carmichael : named in the story (established) 19th century · Traditions Highland Games ← Atholl Highlanders : lead the Atholl Gathering (established) ← Highland Dancing : competed at the Games (established) → Malcolm III : the hill-race legend (traditional) → Robert the Bruce : the Ceres charter claim, 1314 (traditional) → Sir Walter Scott : stage-managed the 1822 visit (established) ← Irn-Bru : Donald Dinnie endorsed it (established) ← Tartan : named in the story (established) ← Haggis : named in the story (established) → University of Aberdeen : named in the story (established) → University of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) → Up Helly Aa : named in the story (established) ← The New Year Sprint (Powderhall) : named in the story (established) 19th century onward · Shadow Industrial Disease → Clyde Shipbuilding : asbestos and mesothelioma (established) early 19th century · Traditions Paisley Pattern ← The Clyde & Glasgow : named in the story (established) ← Paisley Thread : named in the story (established) ← Carpets & Decorative Textiles : named in the story (established) PAI c. 1800–1950 · Industry Printing as Industry → University of Glasgow : MacLehose, its official printer (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → Alexander Wilson : named in the story (established) BN recorded 19th century · Folklore The Bean-Nighe → Alexander Carmichael : recorded in Carmina Gadelica (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) recorded 19th century · Folklore The Cat-Sìth → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) CE recorded 19th century · Folklore The Ceasg → Alexander Carmichael : recorded in Carmina Gadelica (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) CS recorded 19th century · Folklore The Cù-Sìth → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) recorded 19th century · Folklore The Ghost of Glamis GL recorded 19th century · Folklore The Glaistig → The Gruagach : near-synonyms in some districts (established) → The Baobhan Sith : her closest relative (established) GL recorded 19th century · Folklore The Green Lady → National Trust for Scotland : Crathes in its care (established) GR recorded 19th century · Folklore The Gruagach ← The Glaistig : near-synonyms in some districts (established) → Alexander Carmichael : recorded the milk-libation custom (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) → The Brownie : named in the story (established) → The Urisk : named in the story (established) SCJ— 19th century · Law The Scottish Criminal Jury — 15 Jurors & Simple Majority → Not Proven : abolished in the same jury reform (established) → Sheriff Court : named in the story (established) → Solemn and Summary Procedure : named in the story (established) UR recorded 19th century · Folklore The Urisk → The Brownie : the Highland outdoor counterpart (established) ← The Gruagach : named in the story (established) 1801 · Traditions Burns Night ← Robert Burns : celebrated every 25 January (established) → Sir Walter Scott : attended the 1816 supper (established) → University of Glasgow : its Centre for Robert Burns Studies (established) → Haggis : named in the story (established) → Auld Lang Syne : named in the story (established) → Encyclopaedia Britannica : named in the story (established) ← A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle : named in the story (established) RE first printed 1802 · Folklore The Redcap → Robert the Bruce : Lord Soulis plotted against him (established) → Sir Walter Scott : the Soulis legend in his Minstrelsy (established) → Thomas the Rhymer : credited with binding Soulis (traditional) kelp boom 1803–1815 · Flora Tangle/Cuvie Kelp 1803 · Invention The Charlotte Dundas ← William Symington : demonstrated (established) → Henry Bell's Comet steamboat : Bell is said to have seen Symington's steamboat work (traditional) ← Robert Fulton : influenced by it (shared) ← Henry Bell : built on Symington's work (established) ← Lord Kelvin : named in the story (established) 1804 · Discovery Leslie Cube ← John Leslie : discovered (established) 1780–1872 · Person Mary Somerville → Royal Bank of Scotland : on its £10 note (established) ← Old & New Towns of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) 1781–1868 · Person David Brewster → Kaleidoscope : invented (established) → Brewster's Law : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : principal from 1859 (established) → University of St Andrews : principal of St Andrews colleges from 1838 (established) → Church of Scotland : licensed minister (established) → The Free Church of Scotland : took part in the 1843 Disruption (established) → Ossian : named in the story (established) ← Hill & Adamson’s Calotypes : named in the story (established) TM 1781–1832 · Person Thomas Morton
→ The Patent Slip : patented (established) 1782–1853 · Person James Chalmers
→ The Postage Stamp : traditionally credited with (traditional) 1782–1850 · Person John C. Calhoun → Andrew Jackson : his vice president (established) → James Monroe : his Secretary of War (established) ← John Glenn : named in the story (established) 1807 · Invention The Percussion Cap ← Alexander John Forsyth : ignited (established) 1808–1875 · Diaspora Andrew Johnson ← Bill Clinton : named in the story (established) 1808–1889 · Diaspora Jefferson Davis 1809–1898 · Great Scots William Gladstone ← Crofting Law : his government's 1886 Act (established) AG 1810–1888 · Diaspora Asa Gray 1810 · Invention Bell Rock Lighthouse ← Robert Stevenson : engineered (established) ← John Rennie : nominal chief engineer, 1807–10 (shared) ← Robert Louis Stevenson : family lighthouse (established) → Northern Lighthouse Board : built by the Board (established) 1785–1841 · Person Sir David Wilkie → Sir Henry Raeburn : succeeded him as King's Limner, 1823 (established) → Sir Walter Scott : painted the Abbotsford family, 1817 (established) → Abbotsford : named in the story (established) Ruthwell, 1810 · Institution The Savings Bank Movement TAI 1810 · Industry Tourism as Industry → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → Ossian : named in the story (established) → New Lanark : named in the story (established) → Abbotsford : named in the story (established) AB 1811 · Locations Abbotsford ← Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) ← Sir David Wilkie : named in the story (established) ← Hogmanay & First-Footing : named in the story (established) ← The Common Ridings : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Borders & Tweed Valley : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Baronial : named in the story (established) ← Walter Scott & the Historical Novel : named in the story (established) → Bonnie Prince Charlie : named in the story (established) → Thomas the Rhymer : named in the story (established) ← Tourism as Industry : named in the story (established) 1811 · Discovery Bell-Magendie Law ← Charles Bell : discovered (established) HBCS 1812 · Event Henry Bell's Comet steamboat
← Henry Bell : launched (established) ← The Charlotte Dundas : Bell is said to have seen Symington's steamboat work (traditional) ← William Symington : influenced it (shared) TTNS from 1813 · Education Teacher Training and the Normal Schools → Church of Scotland : backed the Edinburgh Normal School (established) → University of Edinburgh : Moray House lineage from 1813 (established) → The Disruption of 1843 : split the training colleges (established) 1814 · Arts Walter Scott & the Historical Novel → Sir Walter Scott : pioneered the form (established) ← Scots Ballads & Bothy Songs : Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, 1802 (established) → Ossian : named in the story (established) → Tartan : named in the story (established) → William Wallace : named in the story (established) → Abbotsford : named in the story (established) → David Hume : named in the story (established) 1789–1874 · Person William Fairbairn → The Wrought-Iron Box Girder : proved & developed (established) ← William Murdoch : friend; recalled his gas bladder (established) → Thomas Telford : named in the story (established) → Sir William Arrol : named in the story (established) ← Commandos at Achnacarry : named in the story (established) 1815 · Discovery Brewster's Law ← David Brewster : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : Brewster studied here (established) ← Kaleidoscope : same inventor: Brewster (established) 1813–1873 · Person David Livingstone ← James Young : lifelong friends (established) ← Mary Slessor : inspired by him (established) ← Scottish Missionary Culture : the best-known Scottish missionary (established) ← John McDouall Stuart : second after him to win both RGS honours (established) ← Mungo Park : named in the story (established) → John Knox : named in the story (established) ← John Rae : named in the story (established) ← Patrick Manson : named in the story (established) ← Wallace Monument & Abbey Craig : named in the story (established) 1815–1866 · Great Scots John McDouall Stuart → David Livingstone : second after him to win both RGS honours (established) 1790–1878 · Person Robert Stirling → Stirling Engine : patented (established) → Andrew Meikle : rival threshing-machine claim (disputed) → Church of Scotland : parish minister for over 50 years (established) → University of St Andrews : named in the story (established) → University of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) → Threshing Machine : named in the story (established) SRAW 1815 · Defence Scottish Regiments at Waterloo → Scots Guards : defended Hougoumont (established) → Royal Scots Greys : the charge and Ewart's Eagle (established) → Edinburgh Castle : Ewart's Eagle and grave (established) ← The Black Watch : the 42nd fought there (established) → Gordon Highlanders : named in the story (established) → Highland Light Infantry : named in the story (established) → Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders : named in the story (established) 1815–1891 · Great Scots Sir John A. Macdonald c. 1815–1850 · Traditions Tartan → Sir Walter Scott : staged the 1822 tartan pageant (established) → Bonnie Prince Charlie : the Sobieski Stuarts' bogus claim (disputed) → National Museums Scotland : holds the Falkirk tartan fragment (established) ← Piper Alpha, 1988 : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Football Culture : named in the story (established) → Court of the Lord Lyon : named in the story (established) → Highland Games : named in the story (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) → Encyclopaedia Britannica : named in the story (established) → Antonine Wall : named in the story (established) ← Drinking, Rounds & the Scottish Pub : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Weddings : named in the story (established) ← Walter Scott & the Historical Novel : named in the story (established) ← Taggart : named in the story (established) ← Highland Dress in the British Army : named in the story (established) ← The Black Watch : named in the story (established) 1816 · Invention Kaleidoscope ← David Brewster : invented (established) → Brewster's Law : same inventor: Brewster (established) 1816 · Invention Macadamised Roads ← John Loudon McAdam : devised (established) MF—J from 1816 · Faith Minority Faiths — Jewish, Muslim & Sikh Scotland → Second World War : South Asian migration after the war (established) → Marion Gilchrist : named in the story (established) → New Scots : named in the story (established) → Irish Catholic Scotland : named in the story (established) → Sectarian Scotland : named in the story (established) 1791–1876 · Person Robert Napier → Robert Stevenson : worked briefly with Stevenson (shared) → Clyde Shipbuilding : father of Clyde shipbuilding (established) ← Heavy Engineering : Beardmore took over his yard, 1900 (established) ← Marine Engineering : Napier and Sons, engine builders (established) → Sir Henry Raeburn : named in the story (established) → John Napier : named in the story (established) ← The Clyde & Glasgow : named in the story (established) 1791–1872 · Person Samuel Morse ← Joseph Henry : telegraph rivals (shared) 1816 · Invention Stirling Engine ← Robert Stirling : patented (established) → Church of Scotland : invented by a minister (established) AGT 1817 · Arts Alexander 'Greek' Thomson → National Trust for Scotland : named in the story (established) 1792–1865 · Person James Beaumont Neilson
→ The Hot Blast Process : invented (established) ← Charles Macintosh : business partners (established) Institutional roots from 1818 · Institution Royal Observatory Edinburgh ← Thomas Henderson : first Astronomer Royal for Scotland (established) → Stellar Parallax : Henderson's parallax (established) ← Pulsars : Bell Burnell worked here (established) ← James Clerk Maxwell : telescope named after him (established) 1818 · Invention The Patent Slip ← Thomas Morton : patented (established) 1798–1844 · Person Thomas Henderson → Stellar Parallax : discovered (established) → Royal Observatory Edinburgh : first Astronomer Royal for Scotland (established) → University of Edinburgh : first Astronomer Royal for Scotland (established) 1819–1884 · Great Scots Allan Pinkerton → Andrew Carnegie : his agency's men at Homestead, 1892 (established) 1795–1860 · Person James Braid
→ Hypnosis : discovered (established) ← The Open Championship : named in the story (established) 1795–1881 · Person Thomas Carlyle → University of Edinburgh : studied here (established) ← John Knox : made him the "Hero as Priest", 1840 (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → John Murray : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) TRVL c. 1820–1910 · Industry Turkey Red & the Vale of Leven → David Dale : co-founded the first dyeworks, 1785 (established) → University of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) → New Lanark : named in the story (established) 1821 · Institution Heriot-Watt University / School of Arts of Edinburgh ← Sir Walter Scott : backer of the School of Arts (established) ← James Watt : university named after him (established) ← Robert Stevenson : backer of the School of Arts (established) TCVE from 1821 · Education Technical Colleges and Vocational Education → James Watt : Heriot-Watt partly named after him (established) → University of Strathclyde : grew from the Royal Technical College (established) → Adam Smith : named in the story (established) 1796–1833 · Person Thomas Latta
→ IV Saline : discovered (established) 1797–1875 · Person Charles Lyell
→ Uniformitarian Geology : his Principles of Geology (1830-33) popularised Hutton's deep time (established) → James Hutton : built on Hutton's work (established) → Ice Age Theory : revised his Principles after Croll (established) ← Deep Time on the West Coast : named in the story (established) IMF Caledonian Canal 1822 · Locations Inverness & the Moray Firth → Thomas Telford : Caledonian Canal ends here (established) → Fort George : across the firth (established) → The Loch Ness Monster : Columba's beast in the River Ness (established) → Macbeth : named in the story (established) → Robert the Bruce : named in the story (established) → Henry Bell : named in the story (established) → Urquhart Castle & Loch Ness : named in the story (established) 1797–1878 · Person Joseph Henry → Samuel Morse : telegraph rivals (shared) → Alexander Henry : named in the story (established) 1822–1885 · Diaspora Ulysses S. Grant 1823 · Invention Mackintosh Raincoat ← Charles Macintosh : invented (established) 1824–1905 · Great Scots George MacDonald → Ossian : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Borders & Tweed Valley : named in the story (established) ← Gordon Highlanders : named in the story (established) ← Neil Armstrong : named in the story (established) 1799–1862 · Person James Bowman Lindsay
→ The Electric Light (1835) : pioneered (established) 1799–1869 · Person Patrick Bell
→ Mechanical Reaping Machine : invented (established) ← Cyrus McCormick : rival reaper inventors (shared) ← Henry Bell : named in the story (established) SP 1824 · Locations Speyside ← Highland Dancing : named in the story (established) ← Shortbread : named in the story (established) ← Cairngorms : named in the story (established) ← Forestry & Timber : named in the story (established) ← Whisky Distilling : named in the story (established) ← Capercaillie : named in the story (established) ← Pine Martin : named in the story (established) ← Pre-Union Scots Army : named in the story (established) ← Great Glen Forts : named in the story (established) ← Catholic Survival after the Reformation : named in the story (established) ← The Each-Uisge : named in the story (established) → Scotch Whisky : named in the story (established) PMCJ 1824 · Arts The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner → Alasdair Gray : precursor of Lanark (established) → Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde : forerunner of (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → Robert Louis Stevenson : named in the story (established) 1825–1902 · Great Scots William McGonagall → Dundee & the Tay : "The Tay Bridge Disaster" (established) → Macbeth : named in the story (established) → William Wallace : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) → Robert Fergusson : named in the story (established) ← Adomnán's Beast of the Ness : named in the story (established) AS 1801–1845 · Person Alexander Shanks
→ The Lawnmower : improved (established) 1827 · Discovery Brownian Motion ← Robert Brown : discovered (established) → Cell Nucleus : both by Robert Brown (established) 1809–1884 · Person Cyrus McCormick → Patrick Bell : rival reaper inventors (shared) → Mechanical Reaping Machine : rival reaper, patented 1834 (shared) 1828 · Invention Mechanical Reaping Machine ← Patrick Bell : invented (established) ← Cyrus McCormick : rival reaper, patented 1834 (shared) → University of St Andrews : invented as a student here (established) 1828 · Invention The Hot Blast Process ← James Beaumont Neilson : invented (established) ← Coal Gas Lighting : Neilson ran the Glasgow Gas Works before devising hot blast (established) → Industrial Revolution in Scotland : transformed Scottish iron production (established) ← Charles Macintosh : partner in exploiting it (established) CAA 1829–1886 · Diaspora Chester A. Arthur 1804–1894 · Person Robert Davidson
→ Electric Train : built (established) TC from 1829 · Faith Temperance and the Churches → Sunday Schools : named in the story (established) CRS 1829–1878 · Faith The Catholic Revival in Scotland ← Irish Catholic Scotland : made the 1878 restoration possible (established) c. 1830–1930 · Industry Granite ← Lewis Grassic Gibbon : named in the story (established) ← Cairngorms : named in the story (established) ← Galloway Forest & the Southern Uplands : named in the story (established) ← Aberdeen — The Granite City : named in the story (established) ← Ailsa Craig : named in the story (established) ← Isle of Arran : named in the story (established) ← North Sea Oil & Gas : named in the story (established) ← Sunset Song : named in the story (established) ← The Aberdeen Typhoid Outbreak, 1964 : named in the story (established) SS from the 1830s · Shadow Sectarian Scotland → Sir James MacMillan : named in the story (established) → The Scottish Office : named in the story (established) → George MacLeod : named in the story (established) ← Minority Faiths — Jewish, Muslim & Sikh Scotland : named in the story (established) 1805–1869 · Person Thomas Graham → Dialysis : discovered (established) → University of Strathclyde : professor of chemistry, 1830–37 (established) → James Young : Young was his assistant and followed him to London (established) → University of Glasgow : studied here (established) → Oil Refining : taught James Young (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) ← Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) : named in the story (established) 1831 · Discovery Cell Nucleus ← Robert Brown : discovered (established) ← Brownian Motion : both by Robert Brown (established) CE1 1831–1832 · Event Cholera epidemic of 1832
← IV Saline : first used on cholera patients in Leith, 1832 (established) 1832–1912 · Great Scots Alexander Carmichael ← The Bean-Nighe : recorded in Carmina Gadelica (established) ← The Ceasg : recorded in Carmina Gadelica (established) ← The Gruagach : recorded the milk-libation custom (established) ← The Sluagh : recorded in Carmina Gadelica (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) ← The Ceilidh : named in the story (established) ← Highland Dancing : named in the story (established) ← Bride and the End of Winter : named in the story (established) ← The Good Neighbours : named in the story (established) CPEP 1832 · Education Chambers and the Popular Education Press → Royal Society of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : named in the story (established) 1832 · Discovery IV Saline ← Thomas Latta : discovered (established) → Cholera epidemic of 1832 : first used on cholera patients in Leith, 1832 (established) → University of Edinburgh : Latta graduated here (established) 1833–1901 · Diaspora Benjamin Harrison → Theodore Roosevelt : named in the story (established) 1833 · Discovery Dialysis ← Thomas Graham : discovered (established) 1808–1890 · Person James Nasmyth → The Steam Hammer : designed (established) → The Reflecting Telescope : invented the Nasmyth focus (established) ← William Murdoch : called him "the incomparable mechanic" (established) 1808–1882 · Person John Scott Russell
→ Soliton : discovered (established) 1833 · Discovery Stellar Parallax ← Thomas Henderson : discovered (established) ← Royal Observatory Edinburgh : Henderson's parallax (established) → Proxima Centauri : same star system (established) 1834 · Discovery Soliton ← John Scott Russell : discovered (established) 1810–1877 · Person Alexander Bain
→ Fax Machine : patented (established) → First Electric Clock : invented (established) 1835 · Invention The Electric Light (1835) ← James Bowman Lindsay : pioneered (established) 1811–1901 · Person Christian Maclagan → Society of Antiquaries of Scotland : refused her full fellowship (established) 1811–1883 · Person James Young → Oil Refining : pioneered (established) → University of Strathclyde : assistant to Thomas Graham (established) ← Thomas Graham : Young was his assistant and followed him to London (established) → David Livingstone : lifelong friends (established) → Refrigerated Cargo Transport : Coleman trained at his works (established) → George Forbes : speed-of-light measurements, c. 1880 (established) → Shale Oil : founded the industry (established) → University of St Andrews : named in the story (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) 1811–1870 · Person James Young Simpson
→ Chloroform : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : professor of midwifery (established) 1837 · Invention Electric Train ← Robert Davidson : built (established) ← James Clerk Maxwell : saw Davidson's exhibition as a boy (established) 1837–1908 · Diaspora Grover Cleveland ← Donald Trump : both served non-consecutive terms (established) 1831–1879 · Person James Clerk Maxwell → Maxwell's Equations : discovered (established) → Colour Vision Theory : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : studied here, 1847–50 (established) → University of Aberdeen : professor at Marischal College, 1856–60 (established) → Peter Guthrie Tait : schoolfriends at Edinburgh Academy (established) → Watt's Centrifugal Governor : "On Governors", 1868 (established) ← Lord Kelvin : friends and colleagues (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : first paper read here, aged 14 (established) → Electric Train : saw Davidson's exhibition as a boy (established) → Knot Theory : Tait's friend (established) → Royal Observatory Edinburgh : telescope named after him (established) → Self-Filling Fountain Pen : named in the story (established) → James Hutton : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) 1812–1878 · Person Kirkpatrick Macmillan → Pedal Bicycle : traditionally credited with (traditional) 1812–1889 · Person Robert Stirling Newall
→ Wire Rope : invented (established) first recorded 1837 · Flora Shetland Mouse-ear 1813–1893 · Person John Rae → University of Edinburgh : studied medicine here (established) ← Adam Smith : named in the story (established) → David Livingstone : named in the story (established) 25 July 1838 · Institution Royal Caledonian Curling Club ← Curling — The Roarin’ Game : governing club since 1838 (established) ← Curling Gold, Salt Lake City 2002 : named in the story (established) 1838 · Invention The Postage Stamp ← James Chalmers : traditionally credited with (traditional) 1838–1911 · Great Scots Thomas Blake Glover from 1839 · Defence Atholl Highlanders → Scottish Horse : same Atholl family and tartan (established) → Highland Games : lead the Atholl Gathering (established) → John Murray : named in the story (established) → National Museums Scotland : named in the story (established) → Pipes & Drums : named in the story (established) ← Special Air Service & David Stirling : named in the story (established) CDT 1839–1979 · Industry Carpets & Decorative Textiles → Paisley Pattern : named in the story (established) DTWC 1839 · Locations Deep Time on the West Coast → Charles Lyell : named in the story (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) 1814–1867 · Person John Goodsir
→ Cytology : shared credit for (shared) → University of Edinburgh : professor of anatomy (established) 1839 · Invention Pedal Bicycle ← Kirkpatrick Macmillan : traditionally credited with (traditional) 1839–1913 · Great Scots Sir William Arrol ← Forth Bridge & the Firth of Forth : built by him, 1882–90 (established) ← William Fairbairn : named in the story (established) 1839 · Invention The Steam Hammer ← James Nasmyth : designed (established) 1840 · Invention First Electric Clock ← Alexander Bain : invented (established) ← Fax Machine : same inventor; both use Bain's synchronised pendulums (established) ← Lord Kelvin : secured Bain's pension (established) ICS from the 1840s · Faith Irish Catholic Scotland → The Old Firm : part of the Old Firm's roots, debated (disputed) → The Catholic Revival in Scotland : made the 1878 restoration possible (established) → The 1918 Education Act and Catholic Schools : the 1918 Act funded Catholic schools (established) ← Minority Faiths — Jewish, Muslim & Sikh Scotland : named in the story (established) 1824–1907 · Person Lord Kelvin → Absolute Zero : discovered (established) → University of Glasgow : professor of natural philosophy, 1846–99 (established) → Peter Guthrie Tait : co-authors of the Treatise on Natural Philosophy (1867) (established) → Knot Theory : vortex atom idea (established) → The Telephone : praised it at Philadelphia, 1876 (established) → First Electric Clock : secured Bain's pension (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : president three times (established) → Uniformitarian Geology : attacked Hutton's timescale (established) → James Clerk Maxwell : friends and colleagues (established) → First Hospital X-Ray Department : brought news of Röntgen (established) → Radiometric Dating : his age of the Earth overturned (established) → Condensation Nuclei : Aitken's friend (established) ← William Murdoch : unveiled his bust, 1892 (established) ← Alexander Graham Bell : named in the story (established) ← John Logie Baird : named in the story (established) → Henry Bell : named in the story (established) → Ailsa Craig : named in the story (established) → James Hutton : named in the story (established) → The Charlotte Dundas : named in the story (established) ME c. 1840–1900 · Industry Marine Engineering ← Victoria Drummond : first woman marine engineer (established) → Robert Napier : Napier and Sons, engine builders (established) → Clyde Shipbuilding : rose and fell with it (established) ← The Ferries Crisis : named in the story (established) c. 1840s–1890s · Arts Scottish Baronial → Scottish National War Memorial : late example of the style, 1927 (established) ← The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland : drew on baronial forms (traditional) ← Balmoral Castle & Royal Deeside : built in the style, 1856 (established) → Edinburgh Castle : named in the story (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → Abbotsford : named in the story (established) ← National War Museum of Scotland : named in the story (established) 1840 · Invention Wire Rope ← Robert Stirling Newall : invented (established) 1841 · Invention The Lawnmower ← Alexander Shanks : improved (established) 1817–1884 · Person Alexander Wood
→ Hypodermic Syringe : pioneered (established) 1842 · Discovery Hypnosis ← James Braid : discovered (established) AH 1818–1894 · Person Alexander Henry
→ Henry Rifling : invented (established) ← Joseph Henry : named in the story (established) 1843 · Invention Fax Machine ← Alexander Bain : patented (established) → First Electric Clock : same inventor; both use Bain's synchronised pendulums (established) → Television : scanning foreshadowed television (shared) 1843–1848 · Arts Hill & Adamson’s Calotypes → The Free Church of Scotland : photographed its founding ministers, 1843 (established) → David Brewster : named in the story (established) 1843 · Faith The Disruption of 1843 ← Teacher Training and the Normal Schools : split the training colleges (established) → Church of Scotland : split it, 1843 (established) → The Free Church of Scotland : founded it (established) ← The Poor Law in Scotland : the split broke the old relief system (established) ← The Disruption’s Social Cost : its human aftermath (established) DSC 1843 · Shadow The Disruption’s Social Cost → The Disruption of 1843 : its human aftermath (established) 1843 · Faith The Free Church of Scotland ← Hill & Adamson’s Calotypes : photographed its founding ministers, 1843 (established) ← The Education (Scotland) Act 1872 : handed over 548 schools (established) ← Communion Tokens : issued its own tokens after 1843 (established) ← Gaelic Psalm Singing : closely associated with it (established) ← The Disruption of 1843 : founded it (established) ← The Free Presbyterian Tradition : broke away from it, 1893 (established) ← The Patronage Controversy — Who Chose Scotland’s Ministers? : the root of the 1843 split (established) ← The Scottish Sabbath : its strictest defender (established) ← David Brewster : took part in the 1843 Disruption (established) 1843–1901 · Diaspora William McKinley ← Theodore Roosevelt : his Vice President (established) 1845 · Discovery Cytology ← John Goodsir : shared credit for (shared) → University of Edinburgh : Goodsir professor here (established) ← Robert Brown : named the nucleus Goodsir studied (established) 1840–1921 · Person John Boyd Dunlop
→ Pneumatic Tyre : invented (shared) ← Robert William Thomson : Dunlop re-invented the tyre independently in 1888 (shared) 1845 / 1888 · Invention Pneumatic Tyre ← Robert William Thomson : invented (shared) ← John Boyd Dunlop : invented (shared) 1822–1873 · Person Robert William Thomson
→ Pneumatic Tyre : invented (shared) → Self-Filling Fountain Pen : patented (established) → John Boyd Dunlop : Dunlop re-invented the tyre independently in 1888 (shared) from 1846 · Traditions Harris Tweed ← Harris Tweed as Industry — The Orb & the Harris Tweed Authority : the Orb and the 1993 Act (established) ← The Collapse of Scottish Textiles : survives as a protected niche (established) → The Highland Potato Famine : a response to the famine (established) ← Gaelic Song Traditions : named in the story (established) ← Outer Hebrides: Lewis & Harris : named in the story (established) ← Borders Wool, Tweed & Cashmere : named in the story (established) 1821–1890 · Person James Croll
→ Ice Age Theory : discovered (established) → University of Strathclyde : janitor, 1859–67; read science in its library (established) 1821–1898 · Person Màiri Mhòr nan Òran → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : trained as a nurse here (established) → Sorley MacLean : criticised her Clearances framing (established) ← The Mòd : named in the story (established) 1846–1856 · Shadow The Highland Potato Famine ← Sheep & the Wool Economy : compounded the clearances (established) ← The Long Emigration : assisted passages for 11,000 (established) ← Harris Tweed : a response to the famine (established) ← The Lowland Clearances : named in the story (established) 1846 · Invention The Wrought-Iron Box Girder ← William Fairbairn : proved & developed (established) 1847 · Discovery Chloroform ← James Young Simpson : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : Simpson professor of midwifery here (established) 1848 · Discovery Absolute Zero ← Lord Kelvin : discovered (established) → Knot Theory : Tait's knot tables began from Kelvin's vortex-atom theory (established) → Radiometric Dating : Holmes's dates overturned Kelvin's age of the Earth (established) → University of Glasgow : worked out here (established) → Refrigeration : thermodynamic basis (established) LBSR 1849 · Sport Lawn Bowls & the Scottish Rules, 1849 → William Wallace : named in the story (established) 1849 · Invention Self-Filling Fountain Pen ← Robert William Thomson : patented (established) ← James Clerk Maxwell : named in the story (established) 1850–1936 · Great Scots Alice Blanche Balfour → National Museums Scotland : her moth collection is still used there (established) c. 1850–1910 · Industry Dundee Jute ← Mary Slessor : mill worker from age 11 (established) → Dundee & the Tay : the city's defining industry (established) ← The Collapse of Scottish Textiles : last mills closed, 1998 (established) c. 1850 · Traditions Fair Isle Knitting → National Museums Scotland : holds the earliest garments (established) → National Trust for Scotland : owns the island since 1954 (established) → Shetland Islands : knitted in Shetland (established) 1848–1915 · Person Mary Slessor → David Livingstone : inspired by him (established) ← Scottish Missionary Culture : missionary in Calabar (established) → Dundee Jute : mill worker from age 11 (established) c. 1850–1950 · Industry Paisley Thread ← Jane Haining : worked for a Paisley thread firm first (established) ← William Speirs Bruce : named Coats Land after its sponsors (established) → Paisley Pattern : named in the story (established) ← Rope, Canvas & Cordage : named in the story (established) c. 1850–1950 · Industry Papermaking c. 1850–1950 · Industry Sugar Refining → James Watt : named in the story (established) c. 1850–1960 · Traditions The Herring Girls ← The Herring Industry : gutted and packed the catch (established) 1839–1937 · Person John D. Rockefeller → Andrew Carnegie : rival industrialists (established) → Oil Refining : built Standard Oil (established) → Andrew Mellon : named in the story (established) → Carnegie Public Libraries : named in the story (established) 1851 · Invention Oil Refining ← James Young : pioneered (established) ← Thomas Graham : taught James Young (established) ← John D. Rockefeller : built Standard Oil (established) ← Grangemouth : refinery closed to crude, 2025 (established) BSQ first recorded 1851 · Traditions The Burryman of South Queensferry → Second World War : lapsed in wartime, resumed 1947 (established) → William Wallace : named in the story (established) 1852–1856 · Locations Balmoral Castle & Royal Deeside → Scottish Baronial : built in the style, 1856 (established) → National Trust for Scotland : named in the story (established) → Malcolm III : named in the story (established) → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) 1827–1912 · Person Joseph Lister
→ Antiseptic Surgery : discovered (established) → University of Glasgow : Regius Professor of Surgery, 1860–69 (established) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : surgeon; first antiseptic operations here (established) → William Macewen : Macewen trained under Lister in Glasgow (established) → The Glasgow Knife : Macewen's teacher (established) 1852–1936 · Great Scots Phoebe Anna Traquair ← Phoebe Anna Traquair’s Murals : painted by her (established) ← The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland : leading practitioner (established) → National Museums Scotland : holds her fossil-fish drawings (established) → National Library of Scotland : named in the story (established) → National Trust for Scotland : named in the story (established) 1827–1915 · Person Sandford Fleming
→ Standard Time : discovered (established) 1853 · Invention Hypodermic Syringe ← Alexander Wood : pioneered (established) → Insulin : made insulin therapy possible (established) 1854–1929 · Great Scots David Dunbar Buick 1854 · Institution Scottish Chartered Accountancy 1854 · Defence The Thin Red Line ← Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders : the 93rd held the line, 1854 (established) ← National War Museum of Scotland : holds Gibb's painting of it (established) → Royal Scots Greys : Heavy Brigade charge, same battle (established) ← The Black Watch : named in the story (established) → Edinburgh Castle : named in the story (established) → National Museums Scotland : named in the story (established) → Stirling Castle : named in the story (established) 1855–1937 · Diaspora Andrew Mellon ← John D. Rockefeller : named in the story (established) 1830–1882 · Person Charles Wyville Thomson → Challenger Expedition : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : professor of natural history (established) → Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : taught him (established) → John Murray : Challenger expedition colleagues (established) → On Growth and Form : taught D'Arcy Thompson (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : Vice President, 1877–82 (established) 1855 · Discovery Colour Vision Theory ← James Clerk Maxwell : discovered (established) → Television : basis of RGB colour (established) 1830–1885 · Person Robert Francis Fairlie
→ The Fairlie Locomotive : invented (established) AC 1831–1892 · Person Archibald Scott Couper
→ Structural Formulae : discovered (established) 1856 · Institution Faculty of Actuaries in Scotland → Church of Scotland : ministers' widows' fund (established) c. 1856–1960 · Industry North British Rubber → First World War : made trench boots (established) 1831–1901 · Person Peter Guthrie Tait
→ Knot Theory : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : professor of natural philosophy, 1860–1901 (established) ← James Clerk Maxwell : schoolfriends at Edinburgh Academy (established) ← Lord Kelvin : co-authors of the Treatise on Natural Philosophy (1867) (established) → Maxwell's Equations : lifelong friends (established) → Challenger Expedition : taught Murray (established) 1859–1932 · Great Scots Kenneth Grahame ← Water Vole : named in the story (established) 1860–1932 · Diaspora Alexander Winton → Grangemouth : named in the story (established) 1835–1919 · Person Andrew Carnegie → Carnegie Public Libraries : funded the libraries (established) ← John D. Rockefeller : rival industrialists (established) → University of St Andrews : Lord Rector (established) ← Allan Pinkerton : his agency's men at Homestead, 1892 (established) → Theodore Roosevelt : named in the story (established) → Sir Walter Scott : named in the story (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) ← Burns’s Poetry & Song : named in the story (established) ← Dunfermline Abbey & Palace : named in the story (established) 1860 · Invention Henry Rifling ← Alexander Henry : invented (established) EU first printed 1860 · Folklore The Each-Uisge ← The Njuggle : Shetland water-horse cousin (established) → Speyside : named in the story (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) 1860 · Sport The Open Championship ← Golf — The Scottish Game : its oldest championship (established) → The Rules of Golf : both run by the R&A (established) → James Braid : named in the story (established) SC 1860s · Traditions The Scottish Chippy 1861–1958 · Great Scots Sir William Burrell → Sir Tom Devine : criticised the collection's provenance (established) → First World War : profited from wartime ship sales (established) 1861–1869 · Locations Wallace Monument & Abbey Craig → William Wallace : national monument to him, 1869 (established) → Robert the Bruce : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) → David Livingstone : named in the story (established) 1838–1922 · Person Alexander Crum Brown
→ Structural Formulae : introduced the ball-and-line graphical formulae, 1864 (established) 1838–1914 · Person John Muir → Theodore Roosevelt : shaped his conservation policy (established) ← Ben Nevis & Glen Nevis : the John Muir Trust owns the summit (established) JC 1838–1888 · Person Joseph James Coleman
→ Refrigerated Cargo Transport : invented (established) 1864 · Discovery Ice Age Theory ← James Croll : discovered (established) ← Charles Lyell : revised his Principles after Croll (established) 1839–1906 · Person James Blyth
→ Wind Turbine : built (established) → University of Strathclyde : professor at Anderson's College (established) 1839–1919 · Person John Aitken
→ Condensation Nuclei : discovered (established) → Cloud Chamber : built on his work (established) ← Burns’s Poetry & Song : named in the story (established) 1864 · Discovery Structural Formulae ← Archibald Scott Couper : discovered (established) ← Alexander Crum Brown : introduced the ball-and-line graphical formulae, 1864 (established) 1864 · Invention The Fairlie Locomotive ← Robert Francis Fairlie : invented (established) 1865 · Discovery Antiseptic Surgery ← Joseph Lister : discovered (established) → The Glasgow Knife : antiseptic technique made the 1879 operation survivable (established) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : first antiseptic operation here, 1865 (established) → University of Glasgow : Lister professor here, 1860–69 (established) ← William Macewen : trained under Lister (established) 1865 · Discovery Maxwell's Equations ← James Clerk Maxwell : discovered (established) → Radar : radar uses the electromagnetic waves the equations predicted (established) ← Peter Guthrie Tait : lifelong friends (established) 1840–1912 · Person Sophia Jex-Blake → University of Edinburgh : led the Edinburgh Seven (established) ← Elsie Inglis : studied under her (established) ← Women Enter the Scottish Universities : led the Edinburgh Seven, 1869 (established) 1848–1924 · Person William Macewen → The Glasgow Knife : shared credit for (shared) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : surgeon; 1879 brain-tumour operation here (established) ← Joseph Lister : Macewen trained under Lister in Glasgow (established) → University of Glasgow : Regius Professor of Surgery (established) → First World War : founded a hospital for limbless servicemen (established) → Antiseptic Surgery : trained under Lister (established) → University of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) ← Elsie Inglis : named in the story (established) 1841–1914 · Person John Murray → Challenger Expedition : discovered (established) → University of Edinburgh : studied here; ran the Challenger Office (established) ← William Speirs Bruce : mentored by him (established) ← Charles Wyville Thomson : Challenger expedition colleagues (established) → Royal Scottish Geographical Society : president, 1898–1904 (established) ← Thomas Carlyle : named in the story (established) ← Forestry & Timber : named in the story (established) ← Atholl Highlanders : named in the story (established) GTSC from 1866 · Shadow The Glasgow Tenements and Slum Crisis ← The Glasgow Effect : linked to the slum-clearance legacy (established) → The New Towns Experiment : residents moved out to the new towns (established) NJ first recorded 1866 · Folklore The Njuggle → The Each-Uisge : Shetland water-horse cousin (established) → Shetland Islands : the Shetland water-horse (established) 1842–1923 · Person James Dewar → The Vacuum Flask : invented (established) → University of Edinburgh : studied under Playfair (established) → William Ramsay : rivals (established) QPSC 1867 · Sport Queen’s Park & the Scottish Combination Game → Scottish Football Association : sold Hampden to the SFA, 2020 (established) → Hampden Park : built and owned it from 1903 (established) 1843–1930 · Person Henry Faulds
→ Fingerprints : discovered (established) → University of Strathclyde : studied at Anderson's (established) 1864–1917 · Person Elsie Inglis → Louisa Jordan : Jordan served in her Scottish Women's Hospitals (established) → First World War : founded the Scottish Women's Hospitals (established) → Sophia Jex-Blake : studied under her (established) ← Scottish Regiments in the First World War : founded the Scottish Women's Hospitals (established) ← The Scottish Women's Hospitals : founded by her (established) → University of Edinburgh : medical degree, 1899 (established) ← Marion Gilchrist : named in the story (established) → William Macewen : named in the story (established) → St Margaret of Scotland : named in the story (established) ← Women Enter the Scottish Universities : named in the story (established) HC—C c. 1869–1970 · Shadow Home Children — Child Emigration from Scotland 1844–1922 · Person Patrick Manson → Tropical Medicine : discovered (established) → University of Aberdeen : studied medicine here (established) → David Livingstone : named in the story (established) WESU 1869–1892 · Education Women Enter the Scottish Universities → Sophia Jex-Blake : led the Edinburgh Seven, 1869 (established) → University of Edinburgh : the Edinburgh Seven matriculated, 1869 (established) → Elsie Inglis : named in the story (established) c. 1870–1913 · Industry Clyde Shipbuilding ← Henry Bell : the Comet, 1812 (established) ← Robert Napier : father of Clyde shipbuilding (established) → The Clyde & Glasgow : the river's great industry (established) → John Brown & the Great Ships : its most famous yard (established) ← Marine Engineering : rose and fell with it (established) ← Rope, Canvas & Cordage : supplied the yards (established) ← The Steel Industry : supplied the yards (established) ← Industrial Disease : asbestos and mesothelioma (established) ← The Decline of Clyde Shipbuilding : the UCS work-in and after (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) MS c. 1870–1914 · Industry Made in Scotland ← Irn-Bru : named in the story (established) → Grangemouth : named in the story (established) → Ravenscraig : named in the story (established) c. 1870–1945 · Industry Nobel & Ardeer ← The Chemical Industry : Nobel's dynamite works, 1870s (established) c. 1870–1913 · Industry Shale Oil ← James Young : founded the industry (established) from 1870 · Sport The New Year Sprint (Powderhall) → Grangemouth : named in the story (established) → Highland Games : named in the story (established) SPEP c. 1870–1914 · Sport The Scotch Professors & the Export of the Passing Game → Scottish Football Association : opposed professionalism until 1893 (established) → Denis Law : named in the story (established) 1871 · Sport The First Rugby International, 1871 1847–1922 · Person Alexander Graham Bell → The Telephone : invented (established) → University of Edinburgh : attended classes here (established) → Charles Bell : named in the story (established) → Lord Kelvin : named in the story (established) → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) → Standard Time : named in the story (established) 1872 · Discovery Challenger Expedition ← Charles Wyville Thomson : discovered (established) ← John Murray : discovered (established) ← Peter Guthrie Tait : taught Murray (established) 1868–1928 · Person Charles Rennie Mackintosh ← Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : married 1900; creative partners (established) → National Trust for Scotland : Hill House cared for by the Trust (established) ← Mackintosh Chairs & Interiors : designed by him (established) ← The Glasgow School of Art : designed its building (established) ← The Glasgow Style : leading figure (established) ← The School Board Era : designed Scotland Street School (established) → Scottish Tea Rooms : designed Miss Cranston's tea rooms (established) ← Glasgow Cathedral & the Necropolis : Necropolis monument by him (established) ← Thrift : named in the story (established) ← The Glasgow Girls : named in the story (established) ← The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland : named in the story (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) → The Glasgow Boys : named in the story (established) CSLA from 1872 · Education Compulsory Schooling and the Leaving Age QCE 1872 · Shadow Quarrier's and the Child Emigrants ESA1 1872 · Education The Education (Scotland) Act 1872 → Church of Scotland : took over church-run schools (established) → The Free Church of Scotland : handed over 548 schools (established) → Gaelic-Medium Education : blamed for weakening Gaelic (disputed) SBE 1872–1918 · Education The School Board Era → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : designed Scotland Street School (established) WOS— landownership survey 1872 · Shadow Who Owns Scotland? — Concentrated Land Ownership → National Trust for Scotland : named in the story (established) → Crofting Life : named in the story (established) → Scotland and Transatlantic Slavery — The Tobacco Lords : named in the story (established) → The Poll Tax in Scotland : named in the story (established) HP from 1873 · Sport Hampden Park → Scottish Football Association : owner since 2020 (established) ← Queen’s Park & the Scottish Combination Game : built and owned it from 1903 (established) ← The Scottish Cup : first final, 1874 (established) ← Denis Law : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Football Culture : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Boxing : named in the story (established) ← The Ibrox Disasters, 1902 & 1971 : named in the story (established) 1873 · Sport The Scottish Cup → Scottish Football Association : founded with it, 1873 (established) → Hampden Park : first final, 1874 (established) ← Scottish Football Culture : named in the story (established) 1849–1936 · Person George Forbes
→ The Carbon Brush : invented (established) ← James Young : speed-of-light measurements, c. 1880 (established) 1850–1935 · Person Edward Sharpey-Schafer
→ Adrenaline : shared credit for (shared) → University of Edinburgh : professor of physiology, 1899–1933 (established) 1850–1894 · Person Robert Louis Stevenson ← Robert Stevenson : grandfather of (established) → Bell Rock Lighthouse : family lighthouse (established) → University of Edinburgh : studied here (established) ← Robert Fergusson : admired by Stevenson (established) → Northern Lighthouse Board : trained in the family profession (established) → Faculty of Advocates : called to the bar (established) ← Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde : written by him, 1886 (established) ← Bonnie Prince Charlie : named in the story (established) ← Flora MacDonald : named in the story (established) ← John Hunter : named in the story (established) → Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : named in the story (established) → J.M. Barrie : named in the story (established) ← Dorothy Dunnett : named in the story (established) ← The Clyde & Glasgow : named in the story (established) ← Ailsa Craig : named in the story (established) ← The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner : named in the story (established) ← Rannoch Moor : named in the story (established) 1876–1935 · Great Scots John James Rickard Macleod → Charles Best : Best worked in his lab, 1921 (established) → Frederick Banting : shared the Nobel; bitter dispute (established) → University of Aberdeen : graduate, later Regius Professor (established) 1876 · Discovery Knot Theory ← Peter Guthrie Tait : discovered (established) ← Absolute Zero : Tait's knot tables began from Kelvin's vortex-atom theory (established) ← Lord Kelvin : vortex atom idea (established) → University of Edinburgh : Tait professor here (established) ← James Clerk Maxwell : Tait's friend (established) 1876 · Invention The Telephone ← Alexander Graham Bell : invented (established) ← Lord Kelvin : praised it at Philadelphia, 1876 (established) KL c. 1877–1960 · Industry Kirkcaldy Linoleum 1877 · Invention Refrigerated Cargo Transport ← Joseph James Coleman : invented (established) → Refrigeration : applied refrigeration to shipping (established) ← James Young : Coleman trained at his works (established) 1877 · Discovery Tropical Medicine ← Patrick Manson : discovered (established) → University of Aberdeen : Manson trained here (established) ← James Lind : named in the story (established) 1877 · Sport Water Polo & William Wilson’s Rules 1852–1916 · Person William Ramsay
→ Noble Gases : discovered (established) → University of Glasgow : studied here (established) ← James Dewar : rivals (established) from 1878 · Defence Firth of Forth Defences → Scapa Flow : Grand Fleet moved from Scapa to Rosyth, 1918 (established) → Second World War : first Luftwaffe raid on Britain, 1939 (established) → First World War : fortified in three lines, 1914–18 (established) ← Rosyth Naval Base : protected by the Forth defences (established) → Society of Antiquaries of Scotland : named in the story (established) → Mary Queen of Scots : named in the story (established) FU 1878 · Wildlife Fulmar ← RAF Lossiemouth : named in the story (established) → St Kilda : named in the story (established) → Ailsa Craig : named in the story (established) 1864–1933 · Person Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : married 1900; creative partners (established) ← Mackintosh Chairs & Interiors : co-designed the interiors (established) ← The Glasgow Girls : leading figure (established) ← The Glasgow Style : leading figure (established) → First World War : the Seven Princesses hidden in Vienna (established) ← Scottish Tea Rooms : gesso panels for the Salon de Luxe (established) ← The Glasgow School of Art : named in the story (established) STR 1878 · Traditions Scottish Tea Rooms ← Charles Rennie Mackintosh : designed Miss Cranston's tea rooms (established) → Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : gesso panels for the Salon de Luxe (established) → National Trust for Scotland : owns the Willow since 2024 (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) → Robert Burns : named in the story (established) → Edinburgh Castle : named in the story (established) Tay Bridge disaster 1879 · Locations Dundee & the Tay ← William McGonagall : "The Tay Bridge Disaster" (established) ← Dundee Jute : the city's defining industry (established) → University of Dundee : biomedical research hub (established) 1879 · Discovery Standard Time ← Sandford Fleming : discovered (established) ← Alexander Graham Bell : named in the story (established) 1879 · Discovery The Glasgow Knife ← William Macewen : shared credit for (shared) ← Antiseptic Surgery : antiseptic technique made the 1879 operation survivable (established) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : developed here (established) ← Joseph Lister : Macewen's teacher (established) CMC c. 1880–1913 · Industry Coal Mining & the Coalfields → Carron Company : ironworks demand drove mining (established) → First World War : employment peaked around the war (established) 1880 · Discovery Condensation Nuclei ← John Aitken : discovered (established) → Cloud Chamber : Wilson's chamber grew out of Aitken's dust-and-cloud experiments (established) → Ben Nevis Observatory : dust counter used there (established) ← Lord Kelvin : Aitken's friend (established) 1880 · Discovery Fingerprints ← Henry Faulds : discovered (established) 1880s–1910s · Arts The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland → The Glasgow Style : related movement; overlap debated (disputed) → Scottish Baronial : drew on baronial forms (traditional) → Phoebe Anna Traquair : leading practitioner (established) → The Glasgow School of Art : design training under Newbery (established) → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : named in the story (established) Inaccessible Pinnacle first climbed 1880 · Locations The Cuillin → Isle of Skye & Trotternish : named in the story (established) 1880s–1890s · Arts The Glasgow Boys → The Scottish Colourists : paved the way for (established) ← Charles Rennie Mackintosh : named in the story (established) c. 1880–1930 · Industry The Herring Industry → The Herring Girls : gutted and packed the catch (established) → First World War : lost Baltic export markets (established) → John Knox : named in the story (established) → Adam Smith : named in the story (established) WFI c. 1880–1960 · Industry The White-Fish Industry c. 1880 · Traditions Up Helly Aa ← Shetland Islands : Lerwick fire festival (established) ← The Common Ridings : both civic festivals, different roots (established) ← Hogmanay & First-Footing : named in the story (established) ← Highland Games : named in the story (established) ED1 1881-10-14 · Shadow The Eyemouth Disaster, 1881 1881 · Institution University of Dundee ← Brian Cox : rector, 2010–16 (established) ← University of St Andrews : Dundee grew from its college (established) ← On Growth and Form : Thompson founded its zoology (established) ← Post-War University Expansion : chartered as a university, 1967 (established) ← Robert Watson-Watt : studied at University College, Dundee (established) ← Dundee & the Tay : biomedical research hub (established) ← Pharmaceuticals & Life Sciences : named in the story (established) 1856–1924 · Person Woodrow Wilson ← Chrystal Macmillan : took peace proposals to him, 1915 (established) ← Theodore Roosevelt : 1912 election rivals (established) → First World War : wartime president (established) 1882–1890 · Locations Forth Bridge & the Firth of Forth → Sir William Arrol : built by him, 1882–90 (established) 1857–1928 · Person John Macintyre
→ First Hospital X-Ray Department : established (established) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : set up the X-ray department in 1896 (established) 1857–1930 · Person Marjory Kennedy-Fraser → University of Edinburgh : studied music here (established) → First World War : co-founded Bangour hospital for veterans (established) ← Clàrsach / Scottish Harp : named in the story (established) ← The Mòd : named in the story (established) ← Gaelic Song Traditions : named in the story (established) ← The Scottish Folk Revival : named in the story (established) ← The Iolaire Disaster, 1919 : named in the story (established) 1882–1980 · Industry The Singer Factory → Ravenscraig : named in the story (established) 1857–1911 · Person Williamina Fleming → White Dwarfs : discovered (established) → Alexander Fleming : share a lunar crater (established) lighthouse 1883–1886 · Locations Ailsa Craig ← Scottish National War Memorial : Shrine floored in Ailsa Craig granite (established) → Northern Lighthouse Board : its lighthouse, 1886 (established) ← Curling — The Roarin’ Game : stones made from its granite (established) → Isle of Arran : named in the story (established) → Robert Louis Stevenson : named in the story (established) → St Kilda : named in the story (established) → Granite : named in the story (established) ← Puffin : named in the story (established) ← European Storm Petrel : named in the story (established) ← Gannet : named in the story (established) ← Peregrine Falcon : named in the story (established) ← Manx Shearwater : named in the story (established) ← Lord Kelvin : named in the story (established) ← Badger : named in the story (established) ← Fulmar : named in the story (established) BNO 1883–1904 · Institution Ben Nevis Observatory
← C.T.R. Wilson : worked here in 1894; clouds and glories inspired the chamber (established) ← Condensation Nuclei : dust counter used there (established) ← Cloud Chamber : inspired Wilson, 1894 (established) From 1883 · Institution Carnegie Public Libraries ← Andrew Carnegie : funded the libraries (established) ← John D. Rockefeller : named in the story (established) 1883 · Sport Rugby Sevens & the Melrose Sevens 1883 · Institution The Boys' Brigade 1858–1919 · Person Theodore Roosevelt ← John Muir : shaped his conservation policy (established) → Woodrow Wilson : 1912 election rivals (established) ← John Paul Jones : reinterred 1906 under Roosevelt (established) → William McKinley : his Vice President (established) ← Andrew Carnegie : named in the story (established) ← Benjamin Harrison : named in the story (established) 1884 · Institution Royal Scottish Geographical Society ← Mungo Park : medal named after him (established) ← Isobel Wylie Hutchison : first woman awarded its Mungo Park Medal, 1934 (established) ← William Speirs Bruce : proposed an Antarctic crossing, 1910 (established) ← John Murray : president, 1898–1904 (established) 1859–1930 · Person Sir Arthur Conan Doyle → University of Edinburgh : studied medicine here (established) ← Charles Wyville Thomson : taught him (established) → City of Glasgow Police : campaigned to free Oscar Slater (established) ← Sherlock Holmes : created by him (established) → First World War : lost his son Kingsley (established) ← J.M. Barrie : named in the story (established) ← Robert Louis Stevenson : named in the story (established) ← Scottish Regiments in the First World War : named in the story (established) ← HM Factory Gretna & the Munitionettes : named in the story (established) ← Chambers and the Popular Education Press : named in the story (established) identified 1884 · Wildlife St Kilda Wren → St Kilda : protected by the 1904 Act (established) → Puffin : named in the story (established) 1867–1921 · Person William Speirs Bruce → Royal Scottish Geographical Society : proposed an Antarctic crossing, 1910 (established) → University of Edinburgh : studied medicine here (established) → John Murray : mentored by him (established) → Paisley Thread : named Coats Land after its sponsors (established) → Allan Ramsay : named in the story (established) → University of Aberdeen : named in the story (established) → Royal Society of Edinburgh : named in the story (established) 1860–1948 · Person D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson
→ On Growth and Form : discovered (established) → University of St Andrews : professor of natural history from 1917 (established) 1860–1937 · Person J.M. Barrie → University of Edinburgh : studied here (established) ← The Lad o’ Pairts — Myth and Reality : the kailyard fiction that spread the image (traditional) → University of St Andrews : Rector, 1919 (established) → First World War : lost George Llewelyn Davies, 1915 (established) → Hugh MacDiarmid : named in the story (established) → Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : named in the story (established) ← Robert Louis Stevenson : named in the story (established) 1860–1936 · Person John Scott Haldane
→ Decompression : discovered (established) c. 1885–1901 · Arts Phoebe Anna Traquair’s Murals → Phoebe Anna Traquair : painted by her (established) 1885 · Invention The Carbon Brush ← George Forbes : invented (established) → University of Strathclyde : Forbes professor here (established) 1885 · Institution The Scottish Office ← Donald Dewar : Secretary of State for Scotland (established) ← Dorothy Dunnett : wartime secretary (established) ← North of Scotland Hydro-Electric Board : created under Tom Johnston, 1943 (established) ← Sectarian Scotland : named in the story (established) ← The Poll Tax in Scotland : named in the story (established) ← The Wishaw E. coli Outbreak, 1996 : named in the story (established) 1860–1935 · Person William Kennedy Dickson
→ Motion Picture Camera : invented (established) CL 1886 · Law Crofting Law → William Gladstone : his government's 1886 Act (established) → Crofting Life : the law behind it (established) 1861–1939 · Person James Naismith → First World War : YMCA chaplain (established) 1861–1933 · Person Robert Innes
→ Proxima Centauri : discovered (established) 1886 · Arts Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde → Robert Louis Stevenson : written by him, 1886 (established) ← The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner : forerunner of (established) ← John Hunter : named in the story (established) ← Robert Stevenson : named in the story (established) 1887 · Arts Land of the Mountain and the Flood → Sir Walter Scott : title quotes his poem (established) 1887 · Arts Sherlock Holmes → Sir Arthur Conan Doyle : created by him (established) → University of Edinburgh : Doyle studied here; Joseph Bell taught here (established) ← The Loch Ness Monster : named in the story (established) ← Doon the Watter : named in the story (established) 1887 · Invention Wind Turbine ← James Blyth : built (established) → University of Strathclyde : Blyth professor at Anderson's (established) OF from 1888 · Sport The Old Firm ← Irish Catholic Scotland : part of the Old Firm's roots, debated (disputed) → Scottish Football Association : named in the story (established) SH 1888 · Education The Scottish Higher first printed 1889 · Folklore Kate Crackernuts ← The Black Bull of Norroway : named in the story (established) → Fairy Hills and the Sìthean : named in the story (established) 1864–1952 · Person Marion Gilchrist → University of Glasgow : graduated in medicine here (established) → University of St Andrews : LLA, 1890 (established) → First World War : ran an eye department alone (established) → Elsie Inglis : named in the story (established) ← Minority Faiths — Jewish, Muslim & Sikh Scotland : named in the story (established) 1889 · Sport The Scottish Mountaineering Club ← Glen Coe : funded the 1935 purchase (established) ← Scottish Winter Climbing : records its new routes (established) ← Munro Bagging : published Munro's Tables, 1891 (established) MCI 1890s–1910s · Arts Mackintosh Chairs & Interiors → Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : co-designed the interiors (established) → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : designed by him (established) → National Trust for Scotland : owner of the Willow Tearooms since 2024 (established) → The Glasgow Style : part of the movement (established) 1890–1939 · Diaspora Norman Bethune → First World War : stretcher-bearer in France (established) from the 1890s · Sport Scottish Boxing → Hampden Park : named in the story (established) SWC from the 1890s · Sport Scottish Winter Climbing → Glen Coe : a benchmark winter venue (established) → The Scottish Mountaineering Club : records its new routes (established) → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) GG 1890s–1920s · Arts The Glasgow Girls → Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : leading figure (established) → The Glasgow School of Art : trained at the school (established) → The Glasgow Style : core of the movement (established) → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : named in the story (established) → University of Glasgow : named in the story (established) GS c. 1890s–1914 · Arts The Glasgow Style ← Mackintosh Chairs & Interiors : part of the movement (established) ← The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland : related movement; overlap debated (disputed) ← The Glasgow Girls : core of the movement (established) → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : leading figure (established) → Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : leading figure (established) → The Glasgow School of Art : centred on the school (established) → First World War : the war ended its main period (established) first printed early 1890s · Folklore The Nuckelavee → The Sea Mither : she confines it to the sea (established) 1891 · Invention Motion Picture Camera ← William Kennedy Dickson : invented (established) 1891 · Traditions Munro Bagging → National Trust for Scotland : repairs its paths (established) → Church of Scotland : first compleatist was a Kirk minister (established) → The Scottish Mountaineering Club : published Munro's Tables, 1891 (established) → Glen Coe : first round finished here, 1901 (established) → Cairngorms : named in the story (established) SM first printed 1891 · Folklore The Sea Mither ← The Nuckelavee : she confines it to the sea (established) first printed 1891 · Folklore The Stoor Worm MÒ 1892 · Traditions The Mòd ← Clàrsach / Scottish Harp : named in the story (established) → Màiri Mhòr nan Òran : named in the story (established) → Derick Thomson : named in the story (established) → National Library of Scotland : named in the story (established) → Marjory Kennedy-Fraser : named in the story (established) → Flora MacNeil : named in the story (established) ← Gaelic Song Traditions : named in the story (established) ← The Scottish Folk Revival : named in the story (established) 1892 · Invention The Vacuum Flask ← James Dewar : invented (established) → MRI Scanner : Dewar flasks cool MRI magnets (established) codified 1893 · Sport Shinty and the Camanachd Cup → Scottish Gaelic : named in the story (established) → University of Aberdeen : named in the story (established) → St Kilda : named in the story (established) FPT 1893 · Faith The Free Presbyterian Tradition → The Free Church of Scotland : broke away from it, 1893 (established) 1894 · Discovery Adrenaline ← Edward Sharpey-Schafer : shared credit for (shared) → Insulin : Sharpey-Schafer named insulin (established) ← Beta-Blockers & Cimetidine : block adrenaline's receptors (established) → University of Edinburgh : Sharpey-Schafer professor here (established) 1869–1959 · Person C.T.R. Wilson
→ Cloud Chamber : discovered (established) → Ben Nevis Observatory : worked here in 1894; clouds and glories inspired the chamber (established) ← Ben Nevis & Glen Nevis : summit observations, 1894 (established) MS from 1894 · Shadow Municipal Socialism 1894 · Discovery Noble Gases ← William Ramsay : discovered (established) → Nitrogen : argon found in atmospheric nitrogen (established) → University of Glasgow : Ramsay studied here (established) RM 1894 · Locations Rannoch Moor → Glen Coe : named in the story (established) → Robert Louis Stevenson : named in the story (established) 1894–1978 · Great Scots Victoria Drummond → Marine Engineering : first woman marine engineer (established) → Second World War : MBE for bravery at sea, 1940 (established) FAI 1895 · Law Fatal Accident Inquiries 1870–1950 · Person Sir Harry Lauder → Second World War : entertained the troops (established) → Auld Lang Syne : named in the story (established) ← Nancy Riach and the Motherwell Swimmers : named in the story (established) BNR 1895 · Sport The Ben Nevis Race 1896 · Invention First Hospital X-Ray Department ← John Macintyre : established (established) → Glasgow Royal Infirmary : founded here, 1896 (established) ← Lord Kelvin : brought news of Röntgen (established) 1871–1957 · Person Frederick G. Creed
→ Teleprinter : developed (established) 1872–1937 · Person Chrystal Macmillan → University of Edinburgh : first woman science graduate, 1896 (established) → Woodrow Wilson : took peace proposals to him, 1915 (established) → First World War : at the 1915 Hague peace congress (established) 1897–1909 · Arts The Glasgow School of Art ← The Arts & Crafts Movement in Scotland : design training under Newbery (established) ← The Glasgow Girls : trained at the school (established) → Charles Rennie Mackintosh : designed its building (established) ← The Glasgow Style : centred on the school (established) → Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh : named in the story (established)